ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿಯ (ಕ್ರಿ.ಶ. ೬೧೦-೬೪೨) ಹೆಸರಂತೂ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಶಾಲೆಯ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗೂ ತಿಳಿದದ್ದೇ. ‘ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಕೇಶಿ’ಯು ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ವಂಶದ ಪ್ರಖ್ಯಾತ ರಾಜನಾಗಿದ್ದನು. ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಅರಸರು ಯಾದವ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ದಿಗಂಬರ ಜನಾಂಗದವರು. ಇವರು ಮೂಲತಃ ಬನವಾಸಿಯಿಂದ ವಲಸೆ ಬಂದವರು. ಬಾದಾಮಿಯ ಭೂತನಾಥ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಬನವಾಸಿ ಮಾದರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆತ್ತಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಮೂರನೇ, ನಾಲ್ಕನೇ ಗುಹಾಂತರ ದೇವಾಲಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ದೇವರುಗಳು, ನಾಲ್ಕನೇ ಗುಹಾಂತರ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಜಿನೇಂದ್ರ ದೇವಾಲಯವಿದೆ. ಬಹಳಷ್ಟು ಜನರು ಇವರನ್ನು ಕ್ಷತ್ರೀಯರು ಇನ್ನೂ ಕೆಲವರು ಬೇರೆ ಜನಾಂಗದವರು ಎಂದು ಹೇಳಿಕೊಂಡು ಜನರನ್ನು ತಪ್ಪು ದಾರಿಗೆ ಎಳೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಮಹಾರಾಜ ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿಯ ಹೆಂಡತಿಯು ಅಳುಪ ವಂಶದವರು.
ಮಹಾರಾಜ ದೇವಸ್ಥಾನಗಳ ಪ್ರಿಯರು. ಹೀಗಾಗಿ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ, ಆಂಧ್ರಪ್ರದೇಶ , ತೆಲಂಗಾಣ, ಮಧ್ಯಪ್ರದೇಶ, ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ ಹಾಗೂ ಥೈಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ ಮತ್ತು ಕಾಂಬೋಡಿಯಾ ದೇಶದ ನಡುವೆ ದೇವಾಲಯ ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಅರಸರಿಗೆ ಕುದುರೆ ಮತ್ತು ಆನೆಗಳನ್ನು ಥೈಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ ಮತ್ತು ಕಾಂಬೋಡಿಯಾ ಆಮದು ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದರು ಎನ್ನಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಈತನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಬಾದಾಮಿ ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯವು ದಖ್ಖನ್ ಪ್ರಸ್ಥಭೂಮಿಯವರೆಗೆ ವಿಸ್ತಾರವಾಗಿತ್ತು.
ಇವನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಸಕಲೋತ್ತರಾಪಥೇಶ್ವರನೆಂದು ಕರೆದು ಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಹರ್ಷವರ್ಧನನು ದಕ್ಷಿಣಾಪಥವನ್ನು ಜಯಿಸಬೇಕೆಂಬ ಮಹದಾಕಾಂಕ್ಷೆಯಿಂದ ವಿಂಧ್ಯಪರ್ವತದ ಸಮೀಪದಲ್ಲಿ ರೇವಾನದಿಯ ತೀರದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೀಡುಬಿಟ್ಟಿದ್ದನು. ಇದನ್ನು ಸಹಿಸಲಾರದೆ ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿಯು ಹರ್ಷವರ್ಧನನನ್ನು ಎದುರಿಸಿ ಅವನ ಸೈನ್ಯವನ್ನು ಧ್ವಂಸ ಮಾಡಿ ಅವನನ್ನು ಹೊಡೆದಟ್ಟಿ ಪರಮೇಶ್ವರನೆಂಬ ಬಿರುದನ್ನು ಪಡೆದು, ದಕ್ಷಿಣಾಪಥಸ್ವಾಮಿ/ದಕ್ಷಿಣಾಪಥೇಶ್ವರ ಎಂಬ ಬಿರುದನ್ನು ಧರಿಸಿ, ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಸಮುದ್ರದಿಂದ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಕೊಲ್ಲಿಯವರೆಗೂ,ನರ್ಮದಾನದಿಯಿಂದ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಸಮುದ್ರದವರೆಗೂ ತನ್ನ ಸಾರ್ವಭೌಮತ್ವವನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿ, ಬಾದಾಮಿ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಯಿಂದ ಈ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯವನ್ನು ಆಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದನೆಂದು ಇವನ ಸುಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಐಹೊಳೆ ಶಾಸನವು (ಕ್ರಿ.ಶ.೬೩೪) ತಿಳಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಇವನ ಖ್ಯಾತಿಯು ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾತ್ರವಲ್ಲದೆ ಪರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಹಬ್ಬಿತ್ತು.
ಇವನ ಸಮಕಾಲೀನನಾಗಿ ಇರಾನ್ ದೇಶದ ದೊರೆಯಾಗಿದ್ದ ಎರಡನೆಯ ಖುಸ್ರುವು ತನ್ನ ರಾಯಭಾರಿಯ ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅನೇಕ ಬೆಲೆಬಾಳುವ ಬಹುಮಾನಗಳನ್ನು ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಗೆ ಕಳುಹಿಸಿಕೊಟ್ಟನೆಂದೂ, ಇವರಿಬ್ಬರಿಗೂ ಆಗಿಂದಾಗ್ಗೆ ಪತ್ರವ್ಯವಹಾರವು ನಡೆಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದಿತೆಂದೂ ತಿಳಿದುಬಂದಿದೆ. ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಯ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಚಾರ ಮಾಡಿದ ಹ್ಯೂಯೆನ್‌ತ್ಸಾಂಗ್ ಎಂಬ ಚೀನಾ ದೇಶದ ಯಾತ್ರಿಕನು ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಯ ರಾಜ್ಯವನ್ನು ಅತಿವಿವರವಾಗಿ ವರ್ಣಿಸಿದ್ದಾನೆ
ಇಂತಹ ಕೀರ್ತಿವಂತರಾದ ರಾಜರ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸರು ಬೇರೆ ಬೇರೆ ವಿಧವಾಗಿ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮೊದಮೊದಲಿಗೆ ಹುಟ್ಟಿದ ಈ ವಂಶದ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ರೂಪವು ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ ಎಂದೇ ಕಾಣಬರುತ್ತಿದ್ದರೂ, ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿ, ಪುಲಕೇಶಿ ಮೊದಲಾದ ರೂಪಾಂತರಗಳೂ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸಿಕ್ಕುತ್ತವೆ. ಬಹುಮಂದಿ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸರು ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಪೂರ್ವಾರ್ಧವನ್ನು “ಪುಲಿ” ಎಂದರೆ ಹುಲಿ ಎಂದೂ, “ಕೇಶಿನ್” ಎಂದರೆ ಕೂದಲುಳ್ಳವ ನೆಂದೂ, ಈ ಎರಡು ಪದಗಳೂ ಸೇರಿ “ಹುಲಿಯ ಕೂದಲನ್ನು ಹೋಲುವ ಕೂದಲುಳ್ಳವ” ನೆಂದೂ ಅರ್ಥ ಮಾಡಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಆದರೆ ಹನ್ನೊಂದನೆಯ ಶತಮಾನದ ಈ ಮನೆತನದ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ರಾಜರ ವಂಶಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಕೊಡುವ ಪದ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲೊಂದು ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಯನ್ನು ಈ ರೀತಿ ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.
ವಯಮಪಿಪುಲಕೇಶಿಕ್ಷ್ಮಾಪತಿಂ ವರ್ಣಯಂತಃ
ಪುಲಕಕಲಿತದೇಹಾಃ ಪಶ್ಯತಾದ್ಯಾಪಿಸಂತಃ
ಅಂದರೆ “ಪುಲಕೇಶಿ ರಾಜನನ್ನು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದರೆ ನಮ್ಮ ಶರೀರವು ಸಂತೋಷದಿಂದ ಪುಲಕಾಂಕಿತವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ” ಎಂದಿರುವುದರಿಂದ, ಹನ್ನೊಂದನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಆಸ್ಥಾನ ಕವಿಗಳು ಈ ಪುಲಕೇಶಿ ಎಂಬ ಪದವು “ಪುಲಕ” ಎಂಬ ಶಬ್ದದಿಂದ ಹುಟ್ಟಿರಬಹುದೆಂದು ಭಾವಿಸಿದ್ದರೆಂದು ತೋರುತ್ತದೆಯೆ ವಿನಾ ಪುಲಿ=ಹುಲಿ ಎಂಬ ಮಾತಿಗೂ ಈ ಪದಕ್ಕೂ ಸಂಬಂಧವನ್ನು ಅವರು ಕಲ್ಪಿಸಿದ್ದಂತೆ ಕಾಣುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಈ ಶ್ಲೋಕವು ಈ ಮನೆತನದ ಬೇರೆ ಬೇರೆ ಮೂವರು ರಾಜರ (ಐದನೆಯ ವಿಕ್ರಮಾದಿತ್ಯ ಕ್ರಿ.ಶ. ೧೦೯೯ ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಜಯಸಿಂಹ‑ ೧೦೨೪; ಆರನೆಯ ವಿಕ್ರಮಾದಿತ್ಯ ೧೦೭೭) ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ದೊರಕುವುದರಿಂದ, ಈ ಶ್ಲೋಕವನ್ನೊಳಗೊಂಡ ವಂಶಾವಳಿಯು ರಾಜರಿಂದ ಅನುಮೋದಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟು ಅರಮನೆಯ ಕೋಷ್ಠಾಗಾರದಲ್ಲಿ ಇಟ್ಟಿದ್ದು ಅವಶ್ಯಕವಾದಾಗಲೆಲ್ಲಾ ಉಪಯೋಗಿಸಲ್ಪಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಿತೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಕ್ರಿ.ಶ. ೧೦೭೭ರ ಆರನೆಯ ವಿಕ್ರಮಾದಿತ್ಯನ ಯೇವೂರು ಶಾಸನದಲ್ಲಿ ವಂಶಾವಳಿಯ ಕೊನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ “ಇದು ತಾಮ್ರ ಶಾಸನದೊಳಿದ್ದ ಚಾಳುಕ್ಯ ಚಕ್ರವರ್ತಿಗಳ ವಂಶದ ರಾಜ್ಯಂಗೆಯ್ದರಸುಗಳ ರಾಜಾವಳಿ” ಎಂದು ಕೊಟ್ಟಿರುವ ವಾಕ್ಯವು ಈ ಅಂಶವನ್ನು ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟಗೊಳಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಪ್ರೊ. ನೀಲಕಂಠಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಿಗಳು ಮಾತ್ರ ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಪೂರ್ವಾರ್ಧವು ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ “ಪುಲ್” ಎಂದರೆ “ಅಭಿವೃದ್ದಿಗೊಳ್ಳು” ಅಥವಾ “ಹಿರಿಮೆಯನ್ನು ಪಡೆ” ಎಂಬ ಧಾತುವಿನಿಂದ ಹುಟ್ಟಿದ್ದೆಂದೂ ಉತ್ತರಾರ್ಧವಾದ “ಕೇಶಿನ್” ಅಂದರೆ “ಸಿಂಹ”ವೆಂದೂ ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಂಡು ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠವಾದ ಸಿಂಹವೆಂದು ವಿವರಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಅವರು ಈ ಹೆಸರಿಗೂ ಪುಲಿ =ಹುಲಿಗೂ ಸಂಬಂಧವಿದ್ದಿತೆಂಬುದನ್ನು ಒಪ್ಪುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.ಆದರೆ ಮೇಲೆಯೇ ಹೇಳಿರುವಂತೆ ಈ ವಂಶದ ಅತಿ ಪ್ರಾಚೀನವಾದ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ರೂಪವಾದ “ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ”ಯೇ ಮೂಲರೂಪವಿರಬೇಕೆಂದು ಡಾ.ಫ್ಲೀಟ್ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಈ ರೂಪವನ್ನೇ ಶಾಸನ ಪರಿಶೋಧಕರಲ್ಲಿ ಅಗ್ರಗಣ್ಯರಾದ ಡಾ.ಕೀಲ್‌ಹಾರ್ನ್ ಅವರೂ ಸಹ ಬಳಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಮೊಟ್ಟಮೊದಲಿನ ಈ ಹೆಸರಿನ ರೂಪವಾದ “ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ” ಎಂಬ ಪದವು ನನ್ನ ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯದಂತೆ ಪೊಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕೇಶಿ ಎಂಬ ಶುದ್ಧ ಕನ್ನಡ ಶಬ್ದಗಳ ಸಂಯೋಗದಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾದ ಪದ. ಇದರ ಪೂರ್ವಾರ್ಧವಾದ “ಪೊಲೆ” ಎಂಬುದಕ್ಕೆ “ಹೊಲೆಮನೆ” ಎಂದರ್ಥ. “ಕೇಶಿ” ಎಂಬುದು “ಕೇಶವ” ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಸಂಕ್ಷಿಪ್ತರೂಪ. ಈ ರೂಪದಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ಪದವು ಕನ್ನಡ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಸಿಕ್ಕುತ್ತದೆ. “ಶಬ್ದಮಣಿದರ್ಪಣ”ವನ್ನು ರಚಿಸಿದ ಕೇಶಿರಾಜನು ತನ್ನ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಕೇಶಿ, ಕೇಶವ ಎಂಬ ಎರಡು ರೂಪಗಳನ್ನೂ ಈ ಗ್ರಂಥದಲ್ಲಿ ಕೊಟ್ಟಿದ್ದಾನೆಂಬುದು ಗಮನಾರ್ಹವಾಗಿದೆ.
ಇದೇ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಶಾಸನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕೇಶವ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರುಳ್ಳ ಅನೇಕ ಸಾಮಂತಾದಿಗಳು ಕೇಶಿರಾಜ, ಕೇಶಿಗೌಂಡ, ಕೇಶಿಮಯ್ಯ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರುಗಳಿಂದಲೂ ತಮ್ಮನ್ನು ಕರೆದುಕೊಂಡಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಆದುದರಿಂದ “ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ” ಎಂದರೆ ಹೊಲೆಮನೆಯಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಾಗಿನಿಂದಲೇ ಕೇಶವ(ಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣ)ನಂತೆ ಅಪರಿಮಿತ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಎಂದರ್ಥ. ಈ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ ಮೇಲೆ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಿಸಿರುವ ಹನ್ನೊಂದನೇ ಶತಮಾನದ ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಶಾಸನವು ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಯನ್ನು, “ಪುಲಕೇಶಿ ಕೇಶಿ ನಿಪೂದನಸಮೋ,” ಅಂದರೆ ಪುಲಕೇಶಿಯು ಕೇಶಿ ಎಂಬ ರಾಕ್ಷಸನನ್ನು ಸಂಹರಿಸಿದ ಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣನಿಗೆ ಸಮಾನನಾದವನು ಎಂದು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂಬ ಅಂಶವನ್ನು ಗಮನಿಸಬಹುದು. ಹೊಲೆಮನೆಯಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಾಗಿನಿಂದಲೇ ಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣನು ಅದ್ಭುತವಾದ ಸಾಹಸಗಳನ್ನು ತೋರಿದನೆಂಬ ವಿಷಯವನ್ನು ಪುರಾಣಗಳು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಆದುದರಿಂದ ಚಿಕ್ಕಂದಿನಿಂದಲೇ ಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣನಂತೆ ಅದ್ಭುತವಾದ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ ಪುರುಷನೆಂದು “ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ” ಎಂಬ ಪದದ ಅರ್ಥ. ಇದು ಬಾಲ್ಯದಿಂದಲೇ ಮಹತ್ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಸಾಧಿಸಿದ ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಇಬ್ಬರು ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ರಾಜರಿಗೆ (ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪೊಲೆಕೇಶಿಗೆ) ಅರ್ಥವತ್ತಾಗಿದ್ದು ಎಷ್ಟು ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಒಪ್ಪುತ್ತದೆ! ಹೆಸರಿಗೆ ತಕ್ಕ ಶೌರ್ಯ, ಪರಾಕ್ರಮ ಸಾಹಸ, ಕೀರ್ತಿ!
ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಕುಲದ ಅರಸರ ಸಮಾಧಿಗಳೆಲ್ಲ ಒಂದೇ ಕಡೆ ಇರಬಹುದೆಂದು, ಅದರೊಳಗೆ ಒಂದು ಸಮಾಧಿಯು ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿಯ ಸಮಾಧಿಯೂ ಆಗಿರಬೇಕು ಎನ್ನುವ ಊಹೆಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಅದಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಪಟ್ಟ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಗಳು ಇದೀಗ ಚಾಲ್ತಿಯಲ್ಲಿವೆ. ಹಲವು ಊಹೆಗಳ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಪುಲಿಕೇಶಿಯ ಸಮಾಧಿಯನ್ನು ಈಗಿನ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಬಾಗಲಕೋಟೆ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಪಟ್ಟದಕಲ್ಲಿನ ಬಳಿಯ ಹುಲಿಗೆಮ್ಮನಕೊಳ್ಳದಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಆದರೆ ಈ ವಾದಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಪಟ್ಟಂತೆ ಹಲವಾರು ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯಗಳು ವ್ಯಕ್ತವಾಗುತ್ತಿರುವ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ವಾದ ಅಧೀಕೃತವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ.
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