in ಇತಿಹಾಸ, ಕಥೆ

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಕಳೆದ 200 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಆಚರಿಸದಿರಲು ಕಾರಣ

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ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಕಳೆದ 200 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಆಚರಿಸದಿರಲು ಕಾರಣ
ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಕಳೆದ 200 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಆಚರಿಸದಿರಲು ಕಾರಣ


ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಭಾರತದ ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಪಾಂಡವಪುರ ತಾಲೂಕಿನ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯು ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಪವಿತ್ರ ಸ್ಥಳಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದು ಯದುಗಿರಿ, ಯಾದವಗಿರಿ ಮತ್ತು ಯದುಶೈಲದೀಪ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ ಕಲ್ಲಿನ ಬೆಟ್ಟಗಳ ಮೇಲೆ ಕಾವೇರಿ ಕಣಿವೆಯ ಮೇಲಿರುವಂತೆ ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

ಕಥೆಯು ಮೈಸೂರು ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಹಿಂದಿರುಗುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ದಬ್ಬಾಳಿಕೆಯ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯೊಂದಿಗೆ ಸಂಪರ್ಕ ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ಮೈಸೂರು ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ, 1600 ರ ದಶಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ಪ್ರದೇಶವನ್ನು ಒಡೆಯರ್ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆ ನಡೆಸಿದರು. ಒಡೆಯರ್‌ಗಳ ಅಡಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮಂಡ್ಯದ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್‌ಗಳು – ವಲಸೆಯ ನಂತರ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದಲ್ಲಿ ನೆಲೆಸಿದ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್‌ಗಳ ಉಪವಿಭಾಗ, ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಹೊಂದಿದರು ಮತ್ತು ಚೆಲುವನಾರಾಯಣ ದೇವಸ್ಥಾನದ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಸೇರಿದಂತೆ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಆಡಳಿತ ಮತ್ತು ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ಹುದ್ದೆಗಳನ್ನು ಆಕ್ರಮಿಸಿಕೊಂಡರು.

ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಕಾಲಾನಂತರದಲ್ಲಿ ಒಡೆಯರ್‌ಗಳು ತಮ್ಮ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಅಧಿಕಾರವನ್ನು ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಕಮಾಂಡರ್‌ಗಳಿಗೆ ಬಿಟ್ಟುಕೊಟ್ಟರು. ಮತ್ತು 1763 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಕೃಷ್ಣರಾಜ ಒಡೆಯರ್ II ರ ನಿಧನದ ನಂತರ, ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಕಮಾಂಡರ್ ಮೈಸೂರು ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ನಿರ್ವಿವಾದ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರನಾಗಿ ತನ್ನನ್ನು ತಾನು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿಕೊಂಡನು. ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿ ನಂತರ ಅವನ ಮಗ ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಬಂದನು.

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಕಳೆದ 200 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಆಚರಿಸದಿರಲು ಕಾರಣ
ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ

ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿ, ಶ್ರೀವೈಷ್ಣವ ಸಂತ ರಾಮಾನುಜಾಚಾರ್ಯರು ಸುಮಾರು 14 ವರ್ಷಗಳ ಕಾಲ ಈ ಸ್ಥಳದಲ್ಲಿ ತಮ್ಮ ನಿವಾಸವನ್ನು ಪಡೆದರು. ಪರಿಣಾಮವಾಗಿ ಇದು ಶ್ರೀವೈಷ್ಣವರ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾಯಿತು. ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಈ ಪ್ರದೇಶದಲ್ಲಿ ವಲಸೆ ಬಂದು ನೆಲೆಸಿದರು, ಮಂಡ್ಯಂ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಸಮುದಾಯವನ್ನು ರಚಿಸಿದರು.

16 ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದ ಆರಂಭದಲ್ಲಿ, ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ವಾಸಿಸುವ ಸುಮಾರು ಸಾವಿರ ಮನೆಗಳಿದ್ದವು. 18ನೇ ಶತಮಾನದಲ್ಲಿ ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ತನ್ನ ಸೇನೆಗೆ ದೇವಾಲಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಪೂಜೆ ಸಲ್ಲಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರನ್ನು ನಾಶಮಾಡಲು ಆದೇಶಿಸಿದ. ಸುಮಾರು 800 ಕುಟುಂಬಗಳು ಪೂಜೆಯನ್ನು ನಡೆಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದವು ಮತ್ತು ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯ ಮೊದಲ ದಿನದಂದು ಸೇನೆಯು ~ 1500 ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರನ್ನು ಹತ್ಯೆ ಮಾಡಿತು. ಅಂದಿನಿಂದ, ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಜನರು ದೀಪಗಳನ್ನು ಬೆಳಗಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಅಥವಾ ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ.

ಪ್ರತಿ ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮೇಲ್ಕೋಟೆ ಕತ್ತಲಾಗುವುದೇಕೆ?
ಎಡ ಉದಾರವಾದಿ ಕಾಬಲ್‌ಗಳು ಭಾರತದ ಕೆಲವು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಪಕ್ಷಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಜಯಂತಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸಿದರೆ, ಬೆಂಗಳೂರಿನಿಂದ ಕೆಲವು ನೂರು ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ದೂರದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ ಪ್ರತಿ ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯಲ್ಲೂ ಕತ್ತಲೆಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಮೇಲ್ಕೋಟೆಯಂತಹ ಪವಿತ್ರ ಸ್ಥಳವು ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಎಂದು ಯಾರಾದರೂ ನಂಬುವುದು ಕಠಿಣವಾಗಿದೆ. ಈ ಸ್ಥಳವು 12 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ಶ್ರೀ ವೈಷ್ಣವ ಸಂತ ರಾಮಾನುಜಾಚಾರ್ಯರಿಗೆ ನೆಲೆಯಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಸೇರಿಸಲು, ಭವ್ಯವಾದ ಚೆಲುವನಾರಾಯಣ ಸ್ವಾಮಿ ದೇವಾಲಯವು ಅನೇಕ ಇತರ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ದೇವಾಲಯಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ನೆಲೆಗೊಂಡಿದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಈ ಸ್ಥಳವು ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಕಲಿಕೆಯ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಎಂಬ ಖ್ಯಾತಿಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದೆ.

ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ ಸಮುದಾಯಕ್ಕೆ ನೆಲೆಯಾಗಿದೆ, ಅವರು ಇಲ್ಲಿಯವರೆಗೆ ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಸಮುದಾಯಕ್ಕೆ, ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯು ಕ್ರೂರ ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್‌ನೊಂದಿಗಿನ ಅವರ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನದ ಕರಾಳ ಮತ್ತು ಅನಪೇಕ್ಷಿತ ಜ್ಞಾಪನೆಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಪ್ರತಿ ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ ಕತ್ತಲಾಗಲು ಇದೇ ಕಾರಣ.

ಒಡೆಯರ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮಂಡ್ಯಂ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಪ್ರಾಬಲ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಏರಿದ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ, ಒಡೆಯರ್‌ಗಳಿಗೆ ನಿಷ್ಠೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇದ್ದ , ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್‌ಗಳು ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿಯನ್ನು ಪದಚ್ಯುತಗೊಳಿಸಲು ಮತ್ತು ಒಡೆಯರ್‌ ಆಡಳಿತವನ್ನು  ಹಿಂತಿರುಗಿಸಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಿದರು. ಇದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ, ಮಂಡ್ಯಂ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ರಾಣಿ ಲಕ್ಷ್ಮಮ್ಮನಿಗೆ ಬೆಂಬಲ ನೀಡಿದರು ಮತ್ತು ಇಬ್ಬರು ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಸಹೋದರರಾದ ತೋರುಮಲೈ ಮತ್ತು ನಾರಾಯಣ್ ಮುಂಚೂಣಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಯುದ್ಧ ಮಾಡಿದರು. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಈ ಕಥಾವಸ್ತುವನ್ನು ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿ ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸಿದರು ಮತ್ತು ಅಯ್ಯಂಗರ್ ಸಹೋದರರು ಮತ್ತು ಅವರ ವಿಸ್ತೃತ ಕುಟುಂಬಗಳನ್ನು ಬಂಧಿಸಲಾಯಿತು. ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಇಡೀ ಸಮುದಾಯವನ್ನು ಕಗ್ಗೊಲೆ ಮಾಡಿದ. ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿಯ ಮರಣದ ನಂತರ ಒಡೆಯರ್ ಅವರನ್ನು ಸಿಂಹಾಸನಕ್ಕೆ ಹಿಂತಿರುಗಿಸುವ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಗಳು ತೀವ್ರಗೊಂಡವು.

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆಯ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಕಳೆದ 200 ವರ್ಷಗಳಿಂದ ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಆಚರಿಸದಿರಲು ಕಾರಣ

ಇಂದಿಗೂ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ :
ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆಯಲ್ಲಿ, ಮಂಡ್ಯಂ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್‌ಗಳು ದೀಪಾವಳಿ ಹಬ್ಬವನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸಲು ಶ್ರೀರಂಗಪಟ್ಟಣ ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಕಾವೇರಿ ತೀರದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ನರಸಿಂಹಸ್ವಾಮಿ ದೇವಸ್ಥಾನದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಭೆ ಸೇರಿದ್ದರು. ನಿರಂಕುಶ ಇಸ್ಲಾಮಿಕ್ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರನು ತನ್ನ ಸೇಡು ತೀರಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಹಬ್ಬದ ದಿನವನ್ನು ಸೂಕ್ತವೆಂದು ಕಂಡುಕೊಂಡನು ಮತ್ತು ಹಿಂದೂಗಳ ಮೇಲಿನ ದ್ವೇಷದಿಂದ ಅವನು ಇಡೀ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಹತ್ಯಾಕಾಂಡಕ್ಕೆ ಆದೇಶಿಸಿದನು. 700-800 ಕ್ಕೂ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರನ್ನು ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸೈನ್ಯವು ಕಡಿಯಲಾಯಿತು ಮತ್ತು ಮೇಲ್ಕೋಟೆಯನ್ನು ಪಾಳುಮಾಡಲಾಯಿತು. ಉಳಿದ ನಿವಾಸಿಗಳು ಪಟ್ಟಣದಿಂದ ಪಲಾಯನ ಮಾಡಲು ಒತ್ತಾಯಿಸಲಾಯಿತು ಮತ್ತು ಮೇಲ್ಕೋಟೆ ರಾತ್ರೋರಾತ್ರಿ ಪ್ರೇತ ಪಟ್ಟಣವಾಗಿ ಮಾರ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ.

ಇದೇ ಈ ದಿನ ಮಂಡ್ಯದ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಸಮುದಾಯದವರು ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸದೆ ಶೋಕ ದಿನವನ್ನಾಗಿ ಆಚರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಕ್ರೂರ ಹತ್ಯಾಕಾಂಡದ ನೆನಪುಗಳು ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸಾಮೂಹಿಕ ಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇನ್ನೂ ಉಳಿದಿವೆ. ಕೇವಲ ಹಿಂಸಾಚಾರವಲ್ಲ, ಆದರೆ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ಮತಾಂತರ, ಬಲವಂತದ ಸುನ್ನತಿ, ಧ್ವಂಸಗೊಳಿಸುವಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ದೇವಾಲಯಗಳ ಲೂಟಿ ಮತ್ತು ಅತ್ಯಾಚಾರ ಮತ್ತು ಕೊಲೆಗಳ ಮೂಲಕ ಇಸ್ಲಾಮಿಕ್ ನಿರಂಕುಶಾಧಿಕಾರಿಯ ಕ್ರೂರ ಅಧೀನತೆಯನ್ನು ಸಮುದಾಯವು ಇನ್ನೂ ನೆನಪಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ.

ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಒಬ್ಬ ಇಸ್ಲಾಮಿಕ್ ನಿರಂಕುಶಾಧಿಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದು, ಮಾರ್ಕ್ಸ್ವಾದಿ ಇತಿಹಾಸಕಾರರಿಂದ ವೈಭವೀಕರಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟನು. ಮಂಡ್ಯದ ಅಯ್ಯಂಗಾರ್ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಹೇಳಿದ ಇತಿಹಾಸದಲ್ಲಿ ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಇರಬೇಕು- ಒಬ್ಬ ಕ್ರೂರ ಕೊಲೆಗಾರ ಮತ್ತು ಇನ್ನೇನೂ ಇಲ್ಲ.

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  55. Pumping Heat a Mile Underground Is Helping One City Cut Carbon When it comes to mid fade haircut, it is safe to say that many men opt for it these days. The reason why a medium fade haircut is so popular is that you can experiment with the variety of longer top cuts, like a pompadour. Molly Ringwald’s trendy wolf cut is similar to that of a mullet but adds the piecey shape and softness of a shag style. Bangs complete the cut! This bob haircut is such a fun way to introduce layers into your short or medium-length hair—esp during the summer. The thinned-out layers along your neck will take away some of that heavy weight when it’s above 88 degrees outside, and the lightweight top layers will be super easy to style into fun curly or wavy styles. Mindy Kaling boasts the rounded ‘lob’ (AKA long bob) as an accessible, adaptable cut for any occasion. This look can be created by running a curling wand through at the ends to add a slight wave if you’re looking for some extra dimension. We recommend using heat protection if using heated appliances on your hair. 
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  56. “Entendo que o bitcoin vai se recuperar em breve, pois não acredito que a GrayScale vai demorar mais de duas ou três semanas para liquidar esses fundos”, afirma Medeiros. “Logo após isso, o bitcoin deve se recuperar, porque tem um cenário muito favorável com o lançamento dos ETFs.” Traders e investidores que nos visitam todos os meses. O preço do bitcoin subiu para 28.300 dólares, atingindo um novo recorde histórico. A alta do preço do bitcoin pode ser atribuída a uma série de fatores, incluindo a crescente aceitação da criptomoeda por grandes empresas e investidores institucionais, além da expectativa de aumento na demanda. A volatilidade do mercado de criptomoedas, no entanto, ainda é uma preocupação para muitos investidores. Nesse contexto, surgiram os tokens BRC-20, que são um padrão de token experimental para a blockchain do Bitcoin e permitem aos desenvolvedores criar e transferir tokens fungíveis na blockchain do Bitcoin utilizando o protocolo Ordinals.
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  57. NFL power rankings Week 18:San Francisco 49ers surging toward NFL playoffs Following a thrilling overtime win from the Kansas City Chiefs over the San Francisco 49ers, the oddsmakers are looking ahead to Super Bowl LIX.  Could the San Francisco 49ers and Kansas City Chiefs meet again in the 2025 Super Bowl? Our best sports betting sites think so with both teams leading their respective conferences’ Super Bowl odds. Sportsgrid-Staff We’re going to start with the worst value on the board and then work our way up. I’m only going by the consensus number we have listed, but if one book has a much better number listed than the consensus (for example, BetMGM is giving more than 50 points of value on the consensus line itself), it’s possible the rankings would shift a little bit for that specific book.
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  58. via Sports Logos.net Western Bulldogs Oddsmakers foresee the two powerhouses being the class of the SEC yet again in 2022. Alabama has minus odds, but don’t be surprised if the school faces Georgia in the conference – or national – title game once again. If you place a bet on the moneyline, that means you think the team you bet on will win the game. If they win, you win, no matter the score. While a point spread requires the team you bet on to win by a specified margin, moneyline does not. However, point spread bets typically have odds somewhat close to even money, meaning you would win about as much as you bet if you won. Moneyline bets have a wide range of odds. *Bets and betting odds data are powered by BetMGM. New BetMGM customers only. Must be 21+. Call 1-800-GAMBLER (CO, IL, IN, LA, MD, NJ, OH, TN, VA, WY & WV), Call 1-800-327-5050 (MA), 1-800-NEXT-STEP (AZ), 1-800-522-4700 (KS), 1-800-BETS-OFF (IA), 1-800-270-7117 (MI).
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    The Nuggets are a 5.5-point favorite over the Suns, according to Tipico Sportsbook. The Suns have to look at Denver’s only loss in round 1 to Minnesota as hope that they can do something similar with Booker and Durant being too much of a scoring duo for Jokic and his supporting cast. The Nuggets are going to be hard to beat when Jokic can just facilitate and rack up assists and a triple-double. The depth of the Clippers helped them push the Suns, and Phoenix needs to play better early in games this postseason. Forward Aaron Gordon brings great energy and athleticism to the frontcourt. Gordon likes to play downhill and will soar above the rim with ease. The Arizona product is constantly cutting to the rack and will space the floor if needed. Gordon logs 14 points and 6.1 rebounds per game in the playoffs. On Sunday, he tallied 11 points and six boards. See which team to pick here.

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  59. Cada vez se escucha más hablar de las criptomonedas: conversaciones con familiares, amigos y conocidos, redes sociales, vídeos de Youtube… ¡Incluso se pueden comprar Bitcoins en algunos supermercados! El bitcoin acapara, de nuevo, la atención de los inversores. Este jueves su precio de cotización se sitúa sobre los 62.700 dólares tras dispararse casi un 6% durante las últimas 24 horas y más de un 20% en siete días. ¿Los motivos? La autorización de los fondos cotizados (ETFs) en Estados Unidos hace más de un mes y, por ende, el repunte de negociación que ha experimentado la mayor criptomoneda y que ha provocado que su capitalización de mercado supere los 1,2 billones de dólares, la mitad que todas las divisas digitales juntas.
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